• br Metabolic effects of apelin

  2025-01-27

  

  Metabolic effects of apelin in obesity and type 2 diabetes Mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) for several weeks become obese, hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant. Acute apelin treatment by intravenous injection or by infusion during a hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp in obese and

• The macrophage is the major cell type

  2025-01-26

  

  The macrophage is the major cell type responsible for cholesterol uptake and metabolism associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis in focal areas of the arterial subendothelial space. In advanced atherosclerotic lesions of cardiovascular disease, cholesterol-induced macrophage

• To date the molecular responses of

  2025-01-26

  

  To date, the molecular responses of AChE have been partially analyzed in its mRNA level or protein activity in aquatic animals. To understand the correlation between transcriptional change and activity of AChE, we conducted both experiments in B. koreanus. Generally, the Fluorescent cytotoxicity tes

• Five alternatively spliced isoforms of ATX have been

  2025-01-26

  

  Five alternatively-spliced isoforms of ATX have been described and all are catalytically active [16], [17]. The original ATX described in 1992 is termed ATXα, whereas the most abundant isoform is ATXβ and is the same isoform responsible for plasma lysoPLD activity [18]. Full length ATX is synthesize

• Another important question concerns the mechanism by

  2025-01-26

  

  Another important question concerns the mechanism by which a polyubiquitinated substrate is released from the Cdc48 complex and passed on to downstream components, such as the proteasome. There are at least three proposed models. In the first, a ubiquitinated substrate is transferred by ubiquitin-bi

• Preliminary results of studies sponsored

  2025-01-26

  

  Preliminary results of studies sponsored by the manufacturer of ETC-1002 have also shown positive results for monotherapy in statin-intolerant patients and for the combined use of the ACL inhibitor plus other cholesterol-reducing agents. In patients with a documented history of intolerance to statin

• Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational me

  2025-01-26

  

  Protein phosphorylation is an important posttranslational mechanism for the regulation of distribution, trafficking, and function of modified proteins (Wang et al., 2014). GluA1 phosphorylation at S845 also has functional consequences (Lu and Roche, 2012). For instance, S845 phosphorylation drove t

• Aromatization of the pyrrole ring after anion capturing usin

  2025-01-26

  

  Aromatization of the pyrrole ring after anion capturing, using acceptor atoms with electron deficiency (B & Be), and substitution of strong electron withdrawing groups such as CN were three strategies used to design a new class of anion receptors. Comparison of the anion affinities of these anion re

• From an historical perspective ligands for GPCRs adrenaline

  2025-01-26

  

  From an historical perspective, ligands for GPCRs (adrenaline, serotonin, Aromatase inhibitor or morphine, to name a few) have been identified before their receptor counterparts, at a time when the concept of receptor itself was controversial [15]. Although many cognate receptors for endogenous liga

• br ROS in AiP and regeneration Tissue wounding and

  2025-01-26

  

  ROS in AiP and regeneration Tissue wounding and inflammation are associated with production of ROS, and recent studies show that generation of ROS, especially during the initial stages of wounding and regeneration are essential for an efficient wound healing response. ROS, in particular H2O2 func

• dopamine-2 receptor antagonist Nrf br AhR br Nrf

  2025-01-24

  

  Nrf2 AhR Nrf2 and AhR: friends or foes for energetic metabolism? Perspectives in carcinogenesis upon xenobiotic exposure Acknowledgements Introduction Integration of endogenous and exogenous signals via appropriate receptors is at the core of biological differentiation and adaptive r

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion Neurotransm

  2025-01-24

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Neurotransmitters pathways within vertebrates, including fish, are well conserved (Kreke and Dietrich, 2008, Valenti et al., 2012). Therefore psycopharmaceuticals that are design to act on these pathways in mammals, will possibly interact with the sam

• One study has demonstrated that PUFA reduced both cholestero

  2025-01-24

  

  One study has demonstrated that ω-3 PUFA reduced both cholesterol and caveolin-1 (a marker of raft), thereby displacing raft-associated signaling molecules from lipid raft [36]. Additionally, DHA treatment decreased the amount of lipid raft in the cell surface and displaced several lipid raft-associ

• Cofilin is an additional actin severing protein

  2025-01-24

  

  Cofilin is an additional SAR405838 severing protein present in sperm cells that undergo phosphorylation/inactivation on serine 3 by Lim kinases (LIMK) and by Tes kinases (TESK) [48]. LIMK can be activated by several pathways, including one through the Rho/ROCK/LIMK cascade [49], [50], [51]. Another

• The acetylcholinesterase AChE inhibitor tacrine THA exerts n

  2025-01-24

  

  The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, tacrine (THA), exerts neuroprotective effects in time- and does-dependent manners against glutamate neurotoxicity (Takada-Takatori et al., 2006a, 2006b) and amyloid-β protein toxicity in PC12, a pheochromocytoma line (Wang et al., 2002; Xiao et al., 2000).

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