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Recent genome wide association studies have indicated SORL
2024-11-28
Recent genome-wide association studies have indicated SORL1 as a risk factor for AD (Meng et al., 2007, Rogaeva et al., 2007, Wen et al., 2013). SORL1, is expressed in neurons (Yin et al., 2015) and also regulates APP traffic from the cell membrane to the Golgi apparatus. A reduction in its expressi
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br Acknowledgements Dr Paul J Gasser is supported by the
2024-11-28
Acknowledgements Dr. Paul J. Gasser is supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant number R01DA032895), and the Charles E. Kubly Mental Health Research Center. Dr. Christopher A. Lowry is supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant number R21 MH116263), the Department of the N
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The macrophage is the major cell
2024-11-28
The macrophage is the major cell type responsible for cholesterol uptake and metabolism associated with the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis in focal areas of the arterial subendothelial space. In advanced atherosclerotic lesions of cardiovascular disease, cholesterol-induced macrophage
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Our previous work fails to show any maternal effect
2024-11-28
Our previous work fails to show any maternal effect with blockade of 5-HT2A receptor, as acute and repeated treatment of MDL100907 does not alter maternal behavior at the behaviorally active doses (Chen et al., 2014). In the present study, MDL100907 pretreatment attenuated the maternal disruptive ef
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br Conclusion br Conflicts of interest
2024-11-27
Conclusion Conflicts of interest Introduction Enzymes are widely applied as biocatalysts in fields such as synthetic chemistry [1], pharmaceuticals [2], environmental treatment [3], and food technology [4] because they can catalyze chemical transformations in a highly selective manner under
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Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused
2024-11-27
Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused by toxic agents can be determined by measuring certain enzymes released by damaged cells [8]. The cholinesterases, for example, catalyze the hydrolysis of niclosamide (ACh) in choline and acetic acid. Theses enzymes are divided into two typ
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br LO and the secretase complex Supporting
2024-11-27
5LO and the γ-secretase complex Supporting this concept, during a recent trial testing the γ-secretase inhibitor semagacestat (LY 450139), AD patients actually experienced a functional decline compared to patients who took a placebo in addition to several other significant adverse effects (Doody
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We have previously shown that the antinociceptive effect
2024-11-27
We have previously shown that the antinociceptive effect of tramadol, an analgesic that, like paracetamol is able to increase serotonin levels within CNS, is potentiated or antagonized respectively by a 5-HT1A/B nonspecific rta 3 receptor blockade or activation (Rojas-Corrales et al., 2000). Moreov
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The reductase family is composed of three known
2024-11-27
The 5α-reductase family is composed of three known isozymes, with the types I and II being the most known. Type I isozyme, which is the dominant form, can be found in the skin, liver, kidney, brain and lung. Furthermore, it has been evidenced that type I activity is several times higher in PC than i
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Various cardiovascular diseases show a high
2024-11-27
Various cardiovascular diseases show a high occurrence of autophagosomes. Whereas basal autophagy is required for the proper functioning of cardiomyocytes [82], the deletion of Atg5 gene in myocardium shows a high risk of cardiomyopathy [83]. Hamacher et al. observed that an upregulation of Bnip3, a
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br Antioxidant polymers conjugates Natural antioxidants are
2024-11-27
Antioxidant-polymers conjugates Natural antioxidants are usually used as a substitute for synthetics but some degradation phenomena could influence their applications. For example, ascorbic RWJ 56110 as a natural antioxidant undergoes yellowish coloration as a result of oxidation [29]. Sing and
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The proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines including
2024-11-27
The proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1, mediate acute and chronic inflammation and play a role in the development of hypertension [2, [51], [52], [53]], cardiovascular diseases [4, 54] and renal injury [55, 56] in animal models and humans. Concerning the possi
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For all three fluorescent dyes used
2024-11-26
For all three fluorescent dyes used, the double-labeled UQ-bodies showed higher antigen responses. A plausible mechanism for the higher quenching observed for the double-labeled UQ-bodies is the dye-dye quenching due to H-dimer formation [19] between the two dyes introduced into the Fd and L chains.
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br The prevalence of diabetes is
2024-11-26
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally, and the situation is particularly alarming in Asia. The prevalence of diabetes in China has increased dramatically, from around 1% in 1980 to the most recent estimate of 9.7% according to a nationwide survey . Cumulative evidence shows that type 2
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ALDHs also act as opposite roles
2024-11-26
ALDHs also act as opposite roles in the initiation and development of carcinoma. For example, ALDH2, as a key enzyme which oxidises acetaldehyde, participates in alcohol metabolism and is associated with alcohol-mediated carcinogenesis [37]. It has been reported that up to 8% of the world's populati
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