• br Conflict of interest br Introduction Colorectal cancer CR

  2022-11-03

  

  Conflict of interest Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major cause of tumor-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Poor prognosis and consequences of its metastatic spread make CRC the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in western countries [1]. Apart from o

• Ketogenic diets are more effective in promoting

  2022-11-03

  

  Ketogenic diets are more effective in promoting weight loss than conventional caloric restriction [26] however, their effect on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism remains inconclusive. Blood glucose homeostasis is tightly regulated. In both mice and humans consuming KD, baseline blood glucose decr

• As we previously observed in the NSFT Fukumoto

  2022-11-03

  

  As we previously observed in the NSFT (Fukumoto et al., 2014), the effect of LY341495 in the FST was also inhibited by a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, indicating the role of the 5-HT1A receptor in the actions of LY341495. Among the 5-HT1A receptors, which exist both presynaptically and postsynapticall

• br Introduction ACK or Activated

  2022-11-03

  

  Introduction ACK1, or Activated Cdc42-Associated Kinase, located on chromosome 3q, is a ubiquitously expressed non-receptor tyrosine kinase cloned from a human paricalcitol receptor cDNA library (Manser et al., 1993). It was first identified to bind to activated Cdc42, a small Ras GTPase via its

• REM sleep is proposed to create an

  2022-11-03

  

  REM sleep is proposed to create an environment to facilitate plasticity processes that create a generalized downregulation of synaptic strength (Grosmark et al., 2012; Tononi and Cirelli, 2014), while synapses are upregulated specifically by the reactivation of neuronal firing sequences experienced

• p-Chlorophenylalanine mg In an effort to determine

  2022-11-03

  

  In an effort to determine if one 5ARI was more effective than the other, the Enlarged Prostate International Comparator Study (EPICS) [17] compared treatment with finasteride and dutasteride in 1630 men over the age of 50 and concluded that after one year of treatment, both groups had statistically

• M871 synthesis Aurora B is also known as chromosomal passeng

  2022-11-03

  

  Aurora-B is also known as chromosomal passenger protein and localizes at the chromosome arms and at centromeres during prophase. As cell cycle continues, Aurora-B moves towards the inner centromere region followed by the central spindle and cortex during M871 synthesis and finally accumulates in th

• Chloroquine The main function of ATR CHK signaling

  2022-11-03

  

  The main function of ATR/CHK1 signaling is activating Chloroquine checkpoint arrest for S and G2 phases in mammalian cells. There are three checkpoints in response to DNA damage: G1/S, G2/M, and S-phase. The G2/M checkpoint can prevent cells that incur DNA damage in G2 phase or progress into G2 phas

• br Synthetic lethal approaches In addition to

  2022-11-03

  

  Synthetic lethal approaches In addition to the potential utility of ATM and ATR as chemo- or radiosensitisers, recent studies suggest that such compounds may have single agent activity in certain subsets of patients through induction of synthetic lethality. Two genes are considered synthetically

• NOS is classified into three

  2022-11-03

  

  NOS is classified into three isoforms: endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS), iNOS is expressed in macrophages (Eisenstein, Huang, Meissler Jr, & al-Ramadi, 1994) and osteoblast-like cells (Riancho et al., 1995) and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions (Eisenst

• The elevated levels of intracellular

  2022-11-03

  

  The elevated levels of intracellular antioxidant such as reduced glutathione (GSH) are normally oberserved is various tumor Methoxyresorufin synthesis which confers the chemoresistant to chemotherapy [59]. Therefore, the induction of oxidative stress via elevation of intracellular ROS and dimunitio

• Although many factors influence the effects of

  2022-11-02

  

  Although many factors influence the effects of medications, during recent years it has become evident that genetic factors could explain the differences between individuals in drug response. These differences are due to variants in genes encoding drug targets [8]. The challenge for pharmacogenetics

• Asparagine synthetase ASNS is a glutamine amidotransferase t

  2022-11-01

  

  Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) is a glutamine amidotransferase that catalyzes ATP-dependent synthesis of asparagine and glutamate from aspartate and glutamine. Upregulation of ASNS expression renders leukemia cells resistant to l-asparaginase treatment, and ASNS is essential for cell survival in the a

• Caspase-3, human recombinant proteinase br Acknowledgements

  2022-11-01

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Diabetic complications are responsible for increased morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients. Increased flow of Caspase-3, human recombinant proteinase through the polyol pathway under conditions of hyperglycemia contributes to the development of diabetic c

• Cancer stem cells CSCs may have

  2022-11-01

  

  Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may have been first identified in teratocarcinomas [11], [12], with its initial clues date back to the 19th century [13]. Kleinsmith and Pierce [12] established the immortal pluripotent teratocarcinoma lines from a single transplanted multi-potent malignant cell, strongly su

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